c# windows winmm 播放音频方案
2022-04-29 乐帮网
c# windows
使用Windows API来控制声音是应用场景中经常遇到的情况，在前辈们一代代的迭代中已经十分成熟，本文主要讲述使用winmm.dll来控制声音，但是你应该注意，此用法应用于windows xp中，对于windows 7和10请参考我右侧的相关文章。
网上比较多的是讲述如何播放音频，网址和示例代码如下： https://www.cnblogs.com/shappy/p/4634588.html
using System.Runtime.InteropServices; //DllImport的命名空间
[DllImport("winmm.dll")]privatestaticexternlong mciSendString(string lpstrCommand,StringBuilder lpstrReturnString,int uReturnLength,int hwndCallback);//C#调用windows native dll 的方法
const string audiofile = "ok.mp3";//音频文件路径
privatevoid btnplay_Click(object sender,EventArgs e){
string CommandString="open "+"\""+ audiofile+"\""+" type MPEGVideo alias Mp3File";//注意，alias 后面的Mp3File是你取的别名，当然废话，英文意思就是别名。所以可以随便取，但一定要与后面的命令中的名字相同。注意“\”“，你可以不要，但最好还是保留，否则不小心忘了在"type"前留空格，整个命令就没有分隔符了，其实整个命令也可以不用“ type MPEGVideo”，但别忘了在alias前加入空格（如果有\"也可以不用）。
mciSendString(CommandString,null,0,0);
CommandString="set Mp3File time format ms";
mciSendString(CommandString,null,0,0);
CommandString ="seek Mp3File to 0";//0 即音频开始，当然第一次本来就在开始，但如果你重复动作，不将播放位置放在0位，那么第一次播完就无法再播出声音了，因为系统已经播放文件到最后了。
mciSendString(CommandString,null,0,0);
CommandString="play Mp3File";
mciSendString(CommandString,null,0,0);
}
以上代码未免过于简单，下面是我从网上找到一个十分详尽的应用示例，不仅仅包含了播放等基本功能，几乎包含了音频的所有处理方法，
播放声音，播放文件，暂停，控制播放速度、控制进度，控制音量大小，混合音道的控制，系统静音的设置，左右声道，判断系统是否静音模式等等太多功能了。
特别奉上代码：
public static class WinMMVolume
{
const int MAXPNAMELEN = 32;
const int MIXER_SHORT_NAME_CHARS = 16;
const int MIXER_LONG_NAME_CHARS = 64;
[Flags]
enum MIXERLINE_LINEF : uint
{
ACTIVE = 0x00000001,
DISCONNECTED = 0x00008000,
SOURCE = 0x80000000
}
[Flags]
enum MIXER : uint
{
GETLINEINFOF_DESTINATION = 0x00000000,
GETLINEINFOF_SOURCE = 0x00000001,
GETLINEINFOF_LINEID = 0x00000002,
GETLINEINFOF_COMPONENTTYPE = 0x00000003,
GETLINEINFOF_TARGETTYPE = 0x00000004,
GETLINEINFOF_QUERYMASK = 0x0000000F,
GETLINECONTROLSF_ALL = 0x00000000,
GETLINECONTROLSF_ONEBYID = 0x00000001,
GETLINECONTROLSF_ONEBYTYPE = 0x00000002,
GETLINECONTROLSF_QUERYMASK = 0x0000000F,
GETCONTROLDETAILSF_VALUE = 0x00000000,
GETCONTROLDETAILSF_LISTTEXT = 0x00000001,
GETCONTROLDETAILSF_QUERYMASK = 0x0000000F,
OBJECTF_MIXER = 0x00000000,
OBJECTF_WAVEOUT = 0x10000000,
OBJECTF_WAVEIN = 0x20000000,
OBJECTF_MIDIOUT = 0x30000000,
OBJECTF_MIDIIN = 0x40000000,
OBJECTF_AUX = 0x50000000,
OBJECTF_HANDLE = 0x80000000,
OBJECTF_HMIXER = OBJECTF_HANDLE | OBJECTF_MIXER,
OBJECTF_HWAVEOUT = OBJECTF_HANDLE | OBJECTF_WAVEOUT,
OBJECTF_HWAVEIN = OBJECTF_HANDLE | OBJECTF_WAVEIN,
OBJECTF_HMIDIOUT = OBJECTF_HANDLE | OBJECTF_MIDIOUT,
OBJECTF_HMIDIIN = OBJECTF_HANDLE | OBJECTF_MIDIIN
}
[Flags]
enum MIXERCONTROL_CT : uint
{
CLASS_MASK = 0xF0000000,
CLASS_CUSTOM = 0x00000000,
CLASS_METER = 0x10000000,
CLASS_SWITCH = 0x20000000,
CLASS_NUMBER = 0x30000000,
CLASS_SLIDER = 0x40000000,
CLASS_FADER = 0x50000000,
CLASS_TIME = 0x60000000,
CLASS_LIST = 0x70000000,
SUBCLASS_MASK = 0x0F000000,
SC_SWITCH_BOOLEAN = 0x00000000,
SC_SWITCH_BUTTON = 0x01000000,
SC_METER_POLLED = 0x00000000,
SC_TIME_MICROSECS = 0x00000000,
SC_TIME_MILLISECS = 0x01000000,
SC_LIST_SINGLE = 0x00000000,
SC_LIST_MULTIPLE = 0x01000000,
UNITS_MASK = 0x00FF0000,
UNITS_CUSTOM = 0x00000000,
UNITS_BOOLEAN = 0x00010000,
UNITS_SIGNED = 0x00020000,
UNITS_UNSIGNED = 0x00030000,
UNITS_DECIBELS = 0x00040000, /* in 10ths */
UNITS_PERCENT = 0x00050000, /* in 10ths */
}
[Flags]
public enum MIXERCONTROL_CONTROLTYPE : uint
{
CUSTOM = MIXERCONTROL_CT.CLASS_CUSTOM | MIXERCONTROL_CT.UNITS_CUSTOM,
BOOLEANMETER = MIXERCONTROL_CT.CLASS_METER | MIXERCONTROL_CT.SC_METER_POLLED | MIXERCONTROL_CT.UNITS_BOOLEAN,
SIGNEDMETER = MIXERCONTROL_CT.CLASS_METER | MIXERCONTROL_CT.SC_METER_POLLED | MIXERCONTROL_CT.UNITS_SIGNED,
PEAKMETER = SIGNEDMETER + 1,
UNSIGNEDMETER = MIXERCONTROL_CT.CLASS_METER | MIXERCONTROL_CT.SC_METER_POLLED | MIXERCONTROL_CT.UNITS_UNSIGNED,
BOOLEAN = MIXERCONTROL_CT.CLASS_SWITCH | MIXERCONTROL_CT.SC_SWITCH_BOOLEAN | MIXERCONTROL_CT.UNITS_BOOLEAN,
ONOFF = BOOLEAN + 1,
MUTE = BOOLEAN + 2,
MONO = BOOLEAN + 3,
LOUDNESS = BOOLEAN + 4,
STEREOENH = BOOLEAN + 5,
BASS_BOOST = BOOLEAN + 0x00002277,
BUTTON = MIXERCONTROL_CT.CLASS_SWITCH | MIXERCONTROL_CT.SC_SWITCH_BUTTON | MIXERCONTROL_CT.UNITS_BOOLEAN,
DECIBELS = MIXERCONTROL_CT.CLASS_NUMBER | MIXERCONTROL_CT.UNITS_DECIBELS,
SIGNED = MIXERCONTROL_CT.CLASS_NUMBER | MIXERCONTROL_CT.UNITS_SIGNED,
UNSIGNED = MIXERCONTROL_CT.CLASS_NUMBER | MIXERCONTROL_CT.UNITS_UNSIGNED,
PERCENT = MIXERCONTROL_CT.CLASS_NUMBER | MIXERCONTROL_CT.UNITS_PERCENT,
SLIDER = MIXERCONTROL_CT.CLASS_SLIDER | MIXERCONTROL_CT.UNITS_SIGNED,
PAN = SLIDER + 1,
QSOUNDPAN = SLIDER + 2,
FADER = MIXERCONTROL_CT.CLASS_FADER | MIXERCONTROL_CT.UNITS_UNSIGNED,
VOLUME = FADER + 1,
BASS = FADER + 2,
TREBLE = FADER + 3,
EQUALIZER = FADER + 4,
SINGLESELECT = MIXERCONTROL_CT.CLASS_LIST | MIXERCONTROL_CT.SC_LIST_SINGLE | MIXERCONTROL_CT.UNITS_BOOLEAN,
MUX = SINGLESELECT + 1,
MULTIPLESELECT = MIXERCONTROL_CT.CLASS_LIST | MIXERCONTROL_CT.SC_LIST_MULTIPLE | MIXERCONTROL_CT.UNITS_BOOLEAN,
MIXER = MULTIPLESELECT + 1,
MICROTIME = MIXERCONTROL_CT.CLASS_TIME | MIXERCONTROL_CT.SC_TIME_MICROSECS | MIXERCONTROL_CT.UNITS_UNSIGNED,
MILLITIME = MIXERCONTROL_CT.CLASS_TIME | MIXERCONTROL_CT.SC_TIME_MILLISECS | MIXERCONTROL_CT.UNITS_UNSIGNED
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
struct MIXERLINE
{
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
public struct TargetInfo
{
public uint dwType;
public uint dwDeviceID;
public ushort wMid;
public ushort wPid;
public uint vDriverVersion;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = MAXPNAMELEN)]
public string szPname;
}
public uint cbStruct;
public uint dwDestination;
public uint dwSource;
public uint dwLineID;
public MIXERLINE_LINEF fdwLine;
public uint dwUser;
public uint dwComponentType;
public uint cChannels;
public uint cConnection;
public uint cControls;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = MIXER_SHORT_NAME_CHARS)]
public string szShortName;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = MIXER_LONG_NAME_CHARS)]
public string szName;
public TargetInfo Target;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
struct MIXERCONTROL
{
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Explicit)]
public struct BoundsInfo
{
[FieldOffset(0)]
public int lMinimum;
[FieldOffset(4)]
public int lMaximum;
[FieldOffset(0)]
public uint dwMinimum;
[FieldOffset(4)]
public uint dwMaximum;
[FieldOffset(8), MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 4)]
public uint[] dwReserved;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Explicit)]
public struct MetricsInfo
{
[FieldOffset(0)]
public uint cSteps;
[FieldOffset(0)]
public uint cbCustomData;
[FieldOffset(4), MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 5)]
public uint[] dwReserved;
}
public uint cbStruct;
public uint dwControlID;
public MIXERCONTROL_CONTROLTYPE dwControlType;
public uint fdwControl;
public uint cMultipleItems;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = MIXER_SHORT_NAME_CHARS)]
public string szShortName;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = MIXER_LONG_NAME_CHARS)]
public string szName;
public BoundsInfo Bounds;
public MetricsInfo Metrics;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Explicit)]
public struct MIXERLINECONTROLS
{
[FieldOffset(0)]
public uint cbStruct;
[FieldOffset(4)]
public uint dwLineID;
[FieldOffset(8)]
public uint dwControlID;
[FieldOffset(8)] // not a typo! overlaps previous field
public uint dwControlType;
[FieldOffset(12)]
public uint cControls;
[FieldOffset(16)]
public uint cbmxctrl;
[FieldOffset(20)]
public IntPtr pamxctrl;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Explicit)]
struct MIXERCONTROLDETAILS
{
[FieldOffset(0)]
public uint cbStruct;
[FieldOffset(4)]
public uint dwControlID;
[FieldOffset(8)]
public uint cChannels;
[FieldOffset(12)]
public IntPtr hwndOwner;
[FieldOffset(12)] // not a typo!
public uint cMultipleItems;
[FieldOffset(16)]
public uint cbDetails;
[FieldOffset(20)]
public IntPtr paDetails;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct VOLUME
{
public int left;
public int right;
}
public struct MixerInfo
{
public uint volumeCtl;
public uint muteCtl;
public int minVolume;
public int maxVolume;
}
[DllImport("WinMM.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
public static extern uint mixerGetLineInfo(IntPtr hmxobj, ref MIXERLINE pmxl, MIXER flags);
[DllImport("WinMM.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
public static extern uint mixerGetLineControls(IntPtr hmxobj, ref MIXERLINECONTROLS pmxlc, MIXER flags);
[DllImport("WinMM.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
public static extern uint mixerGetControlDetails(IntPtr hmxobj, ref MIXERCONTROLDETAILS pmxcd, MIXER flags);
[DllImport("WinMM.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
public static extern uint mixerSetControlDetails(IntPtr hmxobj, ref MIXERCONTROLDETAILS pmxcd, MIXER flags);
public static MixerInfo GetMixerControls()
{
MIXERLINE mxl = new MIXERLINE();
MIXERLINECONTROLS mlc = new MIXERLINECONTROLS();
mxl.cbStruct = (uint)Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(MIXERLINE));
mlc.cbStruct = (uint)Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(MIXERLINECONTROLS));
mixerGetLineInfo(IntPtr.Zero, ref mxl, MIXER.OBJECTF_MIXER | MIXER.GETLINEINFOF_DESTINATION);
mlc.dwLineID = mxl.dwLineID;
mlc.cControls = mxl.cControls;
mlc.cbmxctrl = (uint)Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(MIXERCONTROL));
mlc.pamxctrl = Marshal.AllocHGlobal((int)(mlc.cbmxctrl * mlc.cControls));
mixerGetLineControls(IntPtr.Zero, ref mlc, MIXER.OBJECTF_MIXER | MIXER.GETLINECONTROLSF_ALL);
MixerInfo rtn = new MixerInfo();
for (int i = 0; i < mlc.cControls; i++)
{
MIXERCONTROL mxc = (MIXERCONTROL)Marshal.PtrToStructure((IntPtr)((int)mlc.pamxctrl + (int)mlc.cbmxctrl * i), typeof(MIXERCONTROL));
switch (mxc.dwControlType)
{
case MIXERCONTROL_CONTROLTYPE.VOLUME:
rtn.volumeCtl = mxc.dwControlID;
rtn.minVolume = mxc.Bounds.lMinimum;
rtn.maxVolume = mxc.Bounds.lMaximum;
break;
case MIXERCONTROL_CONTROLTYPE.MUTE:
rtn.muteCtl = mxc.dwControlID;
break;
}
}
Marshal.FreeHGlobal(mlc.pamxctrl);
return rtn;
}
public static VOLUME GetVolume(MixerInfo mi)
{
MIXERCONTROLDETAILS mcd = new MIXERCONTROLDETAILS();
mcd.cbStruct = (uint)Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(MIXERCONTROLDETAILS));
mcd.dwControlID = mi.volumeCtl;
mcd.cMultipleItems = 0;
mcd.cChannels = 2;
mcd.cbDetails = (uint)Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(int));
mcd.paDetails = Marshal.AllocHGlobal((int)mcd.cbDetails);
mixerGetControlDetails(IntPtr.Zero, ref mcd, MIXER.GETCONTROLDETAILSF_VALUE | MIXER.OBJECTF_MIXER);
VOLUME rtn = (VOLUME)Marshal.PtrToStructure(mcd.paDetails, typeof(VOLUME));
Marshal.FreeHGlobal(mcd.paDetails);
return rtn;
}
public static bool IsMuted(MixerInfo mi)
{
MIXERCONTROLDETAILS mcd = new MIXERCONTROLDETAILS();
mcd.cbStruct = (uint)Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(MIXERCONTROLDETAILS));
mcd.dwControlID = mi.muteCtl;
mcd.cMultipleItems = 0;
mcd.cChannels = 1;
mcd.cbDetails = 4;
mcd.paDetails = Marshal.AllocHGlobal((int)mcd.cbDetails);
mixerGetControlDetails(IntPtr.Zero, ref mcd, MIXER.GETCONTROLDETAILSF_VALUE | MIXER.OBJECTF_MIXER);
int rtn = Marshal.ReadInt32(mcd.paDetails);
Marshal.FreeHGlobal(mcd.paDetails);
return rtn != 0;
}
public static void AdjustVolume(MixerInfo mi, int delta)
{
VOLUME volume = GetVolume(mi);
if (delta > 0)
{
volume.left = Math.Min(mi.maxVolume, volume.left + delta);
volume.right = Math.Min(mi.maxVolume, volume.right + delta);
}
else
{
volume.left = Math.Max(mi.minVolume, volume.left + delta);
volume.right = Math.Max(mi.minVolume, volume.right + delta);
}
SetVolume(mi, volume);
}
public static void SetVolume(MixerInfo mi, VOLUME volume)
{
MIXERCONTROLDETAILS mcd = new MIXERCONTROLDETAILS();
mcd.cbStruct = (uint)Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(MIXERCONTROLDETAILS));
mcd.dwControlID = mi.volumeCtl;
mcd.cMultipleItems = 0;
mcd.cChannels = 2;
mcd.cbDetails = (uint)Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(int));
mcd.paDetails = Marshal.AllocHGlobal((int)mcd.cbDetails);
Marshal.StructureToPtr(volume, mcd.paDetails, false);
mixerSetControlDetails(IntPtr.Zero, ref mcd, MIXER.GETCONTROLDETAILSF_VALUE | MIXER.OBJECTF_MIXER);
Marshal.FreeHGlobal(mcd.paDetails);
}
public static void SetMute(MixerInfo mi, bool mute)
{
MIXERCONTROLDETAILS mcd = new MIXERCONTROLDETAILS();
mcd.cbStruct = (uint)Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(MIXERCONTROLDETAILS));
mcd.dwControlID = mi.muteCtl;
mcd.cMultipleItems = 0;
mcd.cChannels = 1;
mcd.cbDetails = 4;
mcd.paDetails = Marshal.AllocHGlobal((int)mcd.cbDetails);
Marshal.WriteInt32(mcd.paDetails, mute ? 1 : 0);
mixerSetControlDetails(IntPtr.Zero, ref mcd, MIXER.GETCONTROLDETAILSF_VALUE | MIXER.OBJECTF_MIXER);
Marshal.FreeHGlobal(mcd.paDetails);
}
}
下面就给一段小小的示例，
设置系统静音状态：
var isMuted = true;
var mixer = WinMMVolume.GetMixerControls();
WinMMVolume.SetMute(mixer, isMuted);
判断系统当前是否处于静音状态：
var mixer = WinMMVolume.GetMixerControls();
var isMuted = WinMMVolume.IsMuted(mixer);
其它的功能都可以自行扩展。
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